Towards efficient calcium extraction from steel slag and carbon dioxide utilisation via pressure-swing mineral carbonation

Literature Information

Publication Date 2018-11-14
DOI 10.1039/C8RE00167G
Impact Factor 4.239
Authors

Sankar Bhattacharya, Akkihebbal K. Suresh


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Abstract

Production of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) via carbon dioxide (CO2) pressure-swing mineral carbonation is a potential way to utilise calcium-rich steel slag and carbon dioxide. Calcium supersaturation and slag surface passivation are two aspects of the calcium extraction step that strongly influence the choice of operating conditions necessary for rapid and complete calcium leaching, which are investigated in the present work. To investigate these aspects, slag dissolution characteristics were studied in a closed high-pressure batch-reactor taking care to eliminate gas–liquid mass transport limitations. This experimental design has two distinct advantages: (1) rapid CO2 absorption necessary for dissolution under acidic conditions and to gain insights into calcium dissolution kinetics and (2) the closed system allowing measurement of the drop in reactor pressure, which along with elemental analysis of leachate is sufficient to determine the ionic species concentration and solution saturation state. The results provide evidence against surface passivation of residual slag by silica or calcium carbonate layers. Further, the experiments confirm high supersaturation with respect to calcite during the dissolution step, which we hypothesise to be a consequence of unfavourable calcite precipitation kinetics due to the low pH and high calcium to carbonate ion ratio. The results show scope for further enhancement in calcium solubility, up to the solubility limit of amorphous calcium carbonate, which can substantially reduce the water volume and CO2 pressure required for dissolution. Pressure-swing to atmospheric pressure led to spontaneous co-precipitation of rhombohedral calcite and amorphous silica, also a paper-filler with similar optical properties to PCC, with impurities less than 1.5 wt%.

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Source Journal

Reaction Chemistry & Engineering

Reaction Chemistry & Engineering
CiteScore: 0
Self-citation Rate: 8.8%
Articles per Year: 284

Reaction Chemistry & Engineering is an interdisciplinary journal reporting cutting-edge research focused on enhancing the understanding and efficiency of reactions. Reaction engineering leverages the interface where fundamental molecular chemistry meets chemical engineering and technology. Challenges in chemistry can be overcome by the application of new technologies, while engineers may find improved solutions for process development from the latest developments in reaction chemistry. Reaction Chemistry & Engineering is a unique forum for researchers whose interests span the broad areas of chemical engineering and chemical sciences to come together in solving problems of importance to wider society. All papers should be written to be approachable by readers across the engineering and chemical sciences. Papers that consider multiple scales, from the laboratory up to and including plant scale, are particularly encouraged.

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