Carbonylation in microflow: close encounters of CO and reactive species

Literature Information

Publication Date 2013-12-13
DOI 10.1039/C3GC41789A
Impact Factor 10.182
Authors

Takahide Fukuyama, Takenori Totoki, Ilhyong Ryu


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Abstract

Microreactors have brought significant improvements to chemical synthesis and production because of their advantageous characteristics over batch reactors, which include highly efficient mixing, efficient heat and mass transfer ability, precise control of the residence time, large surface area-to-volume ratio and high operational safety. Microreactor technology has been found to be beneficial for gas–liquid biphasic reactions, for which the large interfacial area between the two phases is ensured. Carbonylation reactions with carbon monoxide, by which a wide range of carbonyl compounds can be prepared, deal with a variety of reactive species, such as organo transition metals, radicals, cations and anions. These reactions have long been carried out using a glass batch flask or a stainless-steel made autoclave, however, carbonylation reactions using a flow microreactor are now rapidly increasing in popularity. This review focuses on a new greener wave of carbonylation reactions using a flow microreactor.

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Green Chemistry
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Green Chemistry provides a unique forum for the publication of innovative research on the development of alternative green and sustainable technologies. The scope of Green Chemistry is based on, but not limited to, the definition proposed by Anastas and Warner (Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, P T Anastas and J C Warner, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998). Green chemistry is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. Green Chemistry is at the frontiers of this continuously-evolving interdisciplinary science and publishes research that attempts to reduce the environmental impact of the chemical enterprise by developing a technology base that is inherently non-toxic to living things and the environment. Submissions on all aspects of research relating to the endeavour are welcome. The journal publishes original and significant cutting-edge research that is likely to be of wide general appeal. To be published, work must present a significant advance in green chemistry. Papers must contain a comparison with existing methods and demonstrate advantages over those methods before publication can be considered. For more information please see this Editorial. Coverage includes the following, but is not limited to: Design (e.g. biomimicry, design for degradation/recycling/reduced toxicity…) Reagents & Feedstocks (e.g. renewables, CO2, solvents, auxiliary agents, waste utilization…) Synthesis (e.g. organic, inorganic, synthetic biology…) Catalysis (e.g. homogeneous, heterogeneous, enzyme, whole cell…) Process (e.g. process design, intensification, separations, recycling, efficiency…) Energy (e.g. renewable energy, fuels, photovoltaics, fuel cells, energy storage, energy carriers…) Applications (e.g. electronics, dyes, consumer products, coatings, pharmaceuticals, preservatives, building materials, chemicals for industry/agriculture/mining…) Impact (e.g. safety, metrics, LCA, sustainability, (eco)toxicology…) Green chemistry is, by definition, a continuously-evolving frontier. Therefore, the inclusion of a particular material or technology does not, of itself, guarantee that a paper is suitable for the journal. To be suitable, the novel advance should have the potential for reduced environmental impact relative to the state of the art. Green Chemistry does not normally deal with research associated with 'end-of-pipe' or remediation issues.

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