The fibre optic reflectometer: A new and simple probe for refractive index and phase separation measurements in gases, liquids and supercritical fluids
Literature Information
Mikhail V. Avdeev, Aleksei N. Konovalov, Viktor. N. Bagratashvili, Vladimir K. Popov, Svetlana I. Tsypina, Maia Sokolova, Jie Ke, Martyn Poliakoff
A fibre optic reflectometer (FOR) has been developed to monitor refractive index (n) and density (ρ) changes in gases, liquids and supercritical fluids (SCFs). The key operating principle is the measurement of the intensity of light from a light emitting diode, LED, which is reflected from the end of a fibre immersed in the medium. The amount of reflected light depends on the difference between the refractive indices of the fibre and the medium. The refractive index of the medium is related in turn to its density. The FOR is particularly sensitive to phase separation, a key aspect of supercritical fluid systems, because of the density discontinuity which accompanies the separation. This device allows the collection of data with a high spatial (9 μm-fibre diameter) and time (∼0.02 s) resolution. The small size of the fibre optic probe means that it can be put into operating reactors and even catalyst beds. Experiments are described with pure CO2 and CHF3, and mixtures CO2 + cyclohexane and CO2 + MeOH over wide pressure and temperatures ranges. The measurements are in excellent agreement with published data for these systems.
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Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (PCCP) is an international journal co-owned by 19 physical chemistry and physics societies from around the world. This journal publishes original, cutting-edge research in physical chemistry, chemical physics and biophysical chemistry. To be suitable for publication in PCCP, articles must include significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry; this is the most important criterion that reviewers and Editors will judge against when evaluating submissions. The journal has a broad scope and welcomes contributions spanning experiment, theory, computation and data science. Topical coverage includes spectroscopy, dynamics, kinetics, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, catalysis, surface science, quantum mechanics, quantum computing and machine learning. Interdisciplinary research areas such as polymers and soft matter, materials, nanoscience, energy, surfaces/interfaces, and biophysical chemistry are welcomed if they demonstrate significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry. Joined experimental/theoretical studies are particularly appreciated when complementary and based on up-to-date approaches.











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