3-hydroxypropanenitrile

Basic Information

View in Editor

CAS Number

109-78-4

Molecular Formula

C3H5NO

Molecular Weight

60.1 g/mol

Chemical Classification

Basic Chemical Raw Materials Organic Chemicals Nitriles

Basic Physical Properties

Melting Point

−46 °C

Boiling Point

228 °C

Water Solubility

>=10 g/100 mL at 20 ºC

Solubility

diethyl ether: slightly soluble2.3% (w/w) at 15°C(lit.)

Refractive Index

n20/D 1.425(lit.)

Vapor Pressure

<0.1 mmHg ( 20 °C)

SMILES

View in Editor

C(CO)C#N

InChI

InChI=1S/C3H8O/c1-2-3-4/h4H,2-3H2,1H3

InChIKey

BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

LogP

0.3887

Topological Polar Surface Area

20.23 Å²

Hydrogen Bond Donor/Acceptor

1 / 1

Complexity

51.2

Safety Information

View Safety Information

GHS Hazard Pictograms

H315

H319

H335

Hazard Statement

H315 Causes skin irritation
Skin corrosion/irritation

H319 Causes serious eye irritation
Serious eye damage/eye irritation

H335 May cause respiratory irritation
Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation

Stability

Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Reacts with water or steam to release toxic vapours. Reacts violently with acids, amines, inorganic bases. Corrodes mild steel.

Sensitiveness

Sensitive to air and light

Explosive Limit

12.1%

Toxicity

LD50 orally in rats: 10.0 g/kg (Smyth, Carpenter)

Synonyms & References

English

3-hydroxy-propionitrile
3-Hydroxypropionitrile, puriss., >=99.0% (GC)
NSC 2598
USAF RH-7
ETHYLENE CYANOHYDRIN [HSDB]
Aethylencyanhydrin [German]
AI3-02152
Propanenitrile, 3-hydroxy-
3-Hydroxypropionitrile, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
Glycol cyanohydrin
BRN 0635773
Q904204
methanol-acetonitrile
A929281
FT-0650154
2-Hydroxyethylkyanid
2-AMINO-3-ETHYL-HEPTANOICACID
HSDB 427
.beta.-Hpn3
3-hydroxy propionitrile
NS00009584
3-Hydroxypropanenitrile
78645-87-1
NSC-2598
NSC2598
DTXSID1025433
EN300-21056
3-Hydroxypropionitrile, purum, >=98.0% (GC)
beta-Cyanoethanol
beta-Hpn
ethylenecyanhydrin

MDL Number

MFCD00002826

Customs Code

29269095

FAQ

What is 3-hydroxypropanenitrile (CAS: 109-78-4)?

3-hydroxypropanenitrile, also known as glyceronitrile, is a chemical compound with the formula C3H7NO2. It is a colorless liquid with a slight sweet odor, commonly used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. The compound exhibits solubility in water and organic solvents, and is characterized by its nitrile and hydroxyl functional groups.

What are the main uses of 3-hydroxypropanenetrile (CAS: 109-78-4)?

3-hydroxypropanenitrile is primarily used in the pharmaceutical industry as a precursor for various drugs and as a building block in the synthesis of organic compounds. It also finds applications in the production of pesticides, dyes, and specialty chemicals. In research settings, it serves as a useful reagent for functional group transformations and chemical derivatization.

Is 3-hydroxypropanenitrile (CAS: 109-78-4) safe?

3-hydroxypropanenitrile is generally considered safe when handled properly, but it should be treated with caution due to potential toxicity. It is advisable to use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and goggles. Safety standards recommend avoiding prolonged exposure and ensuring proper ventilation to minimize health risks.

How should 3-hydroxypropanenitrile (CAS: 109-78-4) be stored?

3-hydroxypropanenitrile should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from light. It is best kept in tightly sealed containers made of materials compatible with its chemical properties, such as glass or polyethylene. Maintain storage temperature below 25°C and ensure humidity is controlled to preserve stability and prevent degradation.