How is Ganciclovir sodium (CAS: 107910-75-8) typically synthesized?

Ganciclovir sodium is synthesized through a multi-step process involving the condensation of 2'-deoxyuridine-5′-monophosphate with acyclovir. The reaction typically uses sodium hydride as a base, and the subsequent steps involve various hydrolysis, esterification, and alkylation reactions. The overall yield is around 50-60%, with the final step involving sodium hydroxide to form the sodium salt. The reaction conditions and purification steps are critical for achieving the desired selectivity and purity.