Effects of hydration on the protonation state of a lysine analog crossing a phospholipid bilayer – insights from molecular dynamics and free-energy calculations
Literature Information
Daniel Bonhenry, François Dehez, Mounir Tarek
The low bioavailability of most therapeutic compounds is often counterbalanced by association with molecular vectors capable of crossing cell membranes. Previous studies demonstrated that for vectors bearing titratable chemical groups, the translocation process might be accompanied by a change in the protonation state. For simple compounds e.g. a lysine analog, free energy calculations, using a single collective variable, namely the insertion depth, suggest that such a transition could only take place if the amino acid diffuses deep enough into the hydrophobic core of the membrane, a situation thermodynamically unfavorable. Here, we determined the 2D potential of mean force associated with the translocation of lysine across a model membrane using as reaction coordinates not only its location in the bilayer but also its hydration. Our results cogently demonstrate that the change in protonation can result from a small fluctuation in the latter, even at low insertion depth.
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Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (PCCP) is an international journal co-owned by 19 physical chemistry and physics societies from around the world. This journal publishes original, cutting-edge research in physical chemistry, chemical physics and biophysical chemistry. To be suitable for publication in PCCP, articles must include significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry; this is the most important criterion that reviewers and Editors will judge against when evaluating submissions. The journal has a broad scope and welcomes contributions spanning experiment, theory, computation and data science. Topical coverage includes spectroscopy, dynamics, kinetics, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, catalysis, surface science, quantum mechanics, quantum computing and machine learning. Interdisciplinary research areas such as polymers and soft matter, materials, nanoscience, energy, surfaces/interfaces, and biophysical chemistry are welcomed if they demonstrate significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry. Joined experimental/theoretical studies are particularly appreciated when complementary and based on up-to-date approaches.











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