Passivity and electrocatalysis of nanostructured nickel encapsulated in carbon

Literature Information

Publication Date 2011-06-22
DOI 10.1039/C1CP20701F
Impact Factor 3.676
Authors

Gareth E. Haslam, Xiao-Yao Chin, G. Tim Burstein


View Original

Abstract

Metallic nickel is a powerful electrocatalyst in alkaline solution and is able to be used in the alkaline fuel cell. However, in acidic solution, electrocatalysis is impossible because the metal is subject to rapid corrosion at low pH for all potentials at which an acidic fuel cell would operate. Here we report the synthesis and passive nature of a nickel–carbon nanostructured material which shows electrocatalytic activity. A thin film composed of nickel and carbon prepared by co-sputtering a graphite target partially covered with a nickel foil shows remarkable passivity against corrosion when polarized in hot sulphuric acid. The film, which contains 21 atom-% nickel, also shows significant electrocatalysis of the hydrogen oxidation reaction, and therefore forms the basis of a new type of fuel cell anode catalyst. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) reveals a nanostructure of carbon-encapsulated nickel nanocrystals of ≤ ca. 4 nm diameter. The passive nature of the material against corrosion is due to protection generated by the presence of a very thin carbon-rich layer encapsulating the nanoparticulate catalyst: this is a new form of passivation.

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Source Journal

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
CiteScore: 5.5
Self-citation Rate: 10.3%
Articles per Year: 3036

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (PCCP) is an international journal co-owned by 19 physical chemistry and physics societies from around the world. This journal publishes original, cutting-edge research in physical chemistry, chemical physics and biophysical chemistry. To be suitable for publication in PCCP, articles must include significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry; this is the most important criterion that reviewers and Editors will judge against when evaluating submissions. The journal has a broad scope and welcomes contributions spanning experiment, theory, computation and data science. Topical coverage includes spectroscopy, dynamics, kinetics, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, catalysis, surface science, quantum mechanics, quantum computing and machine learning. Interdisciplinary research areas such as polymers and soft matter, materials, nanoscience, energy, surfaces/interfaces, and biophysical chemistry are welcomed if they demonstrate significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry. Joined experimental/theoretical studies are particularly appreciated when complementary and based on up-to-date approaches.

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