How is Benzyl 3-fluoro-4-oxo-1-piperidinecarboxylate (CAS: 845256-59-9) typically synthesized?

Benzyl 3-fluoro-4-oxo-1-piperidinecarboxylate (CAS: 845256-59-9) can be synthesized via a multistep reaction involving the protection of a piperidine ring, introduction of a fluoro group, and subsequent deprotection. Commonly used catalysts and reagents include trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and triflic anhydride. The reaction is selective and yields >90% of the desired product.