How is 8-Bromo-5-nitroisoquinoline (CAS: 252861-41-9) typically synthesized?

8-Bromo-5-nitroisoquinoline is typically synthesized via the nitration of 8-bromoisoquinoline followed by bromination of 5-nitroisoquinoline. This process often involves the use of concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid as the nitrating mixture, with careful control of temperature and concentration to achieve high selectivity and yield. Catalytic methods using metal complexes can also be employed for more controlled reactions.