4-Nitro(~2~H_4_)phenol(CAS: 93951-79-2)

4-Nitro(~2~H_4_)phenol, also known as 2-hydroxynitrobenzene, is a crystalline white to pale yellow solid with a molecular weight of approximately 149.05 g/mol. It is slightly soluble in water and soluble in organic solvents. It is a reactive compound due to the presence of the nitro and hydroxyl groups. The compound exhibits acidity and can undergo electrophilic substitution reactions.

4-Nitro(~2~H_4_)phenol can be synthesized through the nitration of phenol. This process involves the reaction of phenol with nitric acid in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The nitration occurs at the para position, and the yield can be improved by controlling the reaction conditions such as temperature and concentration.

4-Nitro(~2~H_4_)phenol is used in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, where it serves as a precursor for the synthesis of certain drugs. It is also utilized in the production of dyes, pigments, and as a component in some organic sensors and electronic devices due to its electronic properties.

When handling 4-Nitro(~2~H_4_)phenol, appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and a lab coat should be worn. The compound should be handled in a well-ventilated area or fume hood due to its reactive nature. Spills should be cleaned up carefully, and the site should be flushed with water. Safety data sheets (SDS) should be consulted for detailed handling and emergency procedures.