A novel catalytic two-step process for the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams: synthesis, mechanism and computational studies

Literature Information

Publication Date 2021-04-21
DOI 10.1039/D1RE00102G
Impact Factor 4.239
Authors

Loredana Maiuolo, Fabrizio Olivito, Fortuna Ponte, Vincenzo Algieri, Matteo Antonio Tallarida, Antonio Tursi, Giuseppe Chidichimo, Emilia Sicilia, Antonio De Nino


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Abstract

Polyurethanes (PUs) are very versatile and popular polymers that play a key role in the automotive, construction and non-food consumable sectors. In general, two-step polyurethane synthetic procedures involve the addition of catalysts also in the second phase of the reaction with problems of high environmental impact and disposal. In this work, an innovative eco-sustainable and very cheap procedure for the production of high-quality rigid polyurethane (PU) foams was developed, starting from polyethylene glycol (PEG 400) and diisocyanates as reagents and using common inorganic salts as catalysts, such as sodium chloride. In particular, our innovatory method is based on a single initial addition of a very cheap catalyst that is proved to be effective for both the prepolymer formation and polyurethane chain elongation. Moreover, simultaneous with the formation of final polyurethane, the salt was restored for a new catalytic cycle. Then, our strategy for polyurethane foam synthesis can surely represent a valid alternative as a very inexpensive and eco-compatible process, also for the industrial field. Finally, detailed mechanistic hypotheses were formulated and supported by DFT calculations.

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Reaction Chemistry & Engineering

Reaction Chemistry & Engineering
CiteScore: 0
Self-citation Rate: 8.8%
Articles per Year: 284

Reaction Chemistry & Engineering is an interdisciplinary journal reporting cutting-edge research focused on enhancing the understanding and efficiency of reactions. Reaction engineering leverages the interface where fundamental molecular chemistry meets chemical engineering and technology. Challenges in chemistry can be overcome by the application of new technologies, while engineers may find improved solutions for process development from the latest developments in reaction chemistry. Reaction Chemistry & Engineering is a unique forum for researchers whose interests span the broad areas of chemical engineering and chemical sciences to come together in solving problems of importance to wider society. All papers should be written to be approachable by readers across the engineering and chemical sciences. Papers that consider multiple scales, from the laboratory up to and including plant scale, are particularly encouraged.

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