Exploring supercapacitance of solvothermally synthesized N-rGO sheet: role of N-doping and the insight mechanism

Literature Information

Publication Date 2021-12-13
DOI 10.1039/D1CP03694G
Impact Factor 3.676
Authors

Ankit Yadav, Rajeev Kumar, Balaram Sahoo


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Abstract

We demonstrate the method of achieving excellent supercapacitance in nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) sheets by controlling the amount of N-content through the use of different ratios of GO and urea during solvothermal synthesis. Here, urea plays a dual role in reducing GO and simultaneously doping nitrogen into the GO flakes forming exfoliated N-rGO sheets. The nitrogen content in N-rGO samples rises with an increase in the amounts of urea and saturates at a value of ∼14% for the GO : urea ratios beyond 1 : 8. The obtained N-rGO sheets with ∼ 5% N-content (obtained for GO : urea ratio of 1 : 3) were demonstrated as excellent supercapacitor materials. Using a 3-electrode setup, the maximum specific capacitance obtained for this sample was 514 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 (mass normalized current). The insights into the origin of this excellent supercapacitive behavior are explained through our results on optimum N-content, the relative amount of different N-environments, defects/disorders, and the degree of reduction of GO. Importantly, a proper stacking of rGO sheets with moderate N-content (∼5–6%) and a moderate amount of defects is the key to achieve high specific-capacitance. Furthermore, our 2-electrode device demonstrates the excellence of our samples with a Csp of 237 F g−1, a power density of 225 W kg−1, and an energy density of 6.7 W h kg−1 at 0.5 A g−1, exhibiting a high cyclic constancy with high capacitive retention of ∼ 82% even after 8000 cycles. Hence, our work provides a way to control the properties of N-rGO in achieving excellent supercapacitive performance.

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Source Journal

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
CiteScore: 5.5
Self-citation Rate: 10.3%
Articles per Year: 3036

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (PCCP) is an international journal co-owned by 19 physical chemistry and physics societies from around the world. This journal publishes original, cutting-edge research in physical chemistry, chemical physics and biophysical chemistry. To be suitable for publication in PCCP, articles must include significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry; this is the most important criterion that reviewers and Editors will judge against when evaluating submissions. The journal has a broad scope and welcomes contributions spanning experiment, theory, computation and data science. Topical coverage includes spectroscopy, dynamics, kinetics, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, catalysis, surface science, quantum mechanics, quantum computing and machine learning. Interdisciplinary research areas such as polymers and soft matter, materials, nanoscience, energy, surfaces/interfaces, and biophysical chemistry are welcomed if they demonstrate significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry. Joined experimental/theoretical studies are particularly appreciated when complementary and based on up-to-date approaches.

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