Towards understanding the catalytic properties of lead-based ballistic modifiers in double base propellants

Literature Information

Publication Date 2020-10-29
DOI 10.1039/D0CP05172A
Impact Factor 3.676
Authors

Lisette R. Warren, Colin R. Pulham, Carole A. Morrison


View Original

Abstract

Lead-based ballistic modifiers are additives in double base propellants (DBPs) which render the burn rate insensitive to changes in pressure within a defined pressure range, thus imparting greater control of combustion conditions. In-coming European legislation will soon ban the use of lead in propellant formulations, however, and few suitable candidate replacement materials are currently available. In an effort to understand better the unique properties offered by lead-based modifiers, we present a first-principles computational study on Pb, PbO, PbO2, SnO2 and Bi2O3, all of which have been investigated experimentally as ballistic modifier materials. Our study demonstrates that various quantifiable properties exist for the lead-based materials. Overall, they have narrower electronic band gaps, lower surface energies and lower surface work functions than the lead-free systems, indicating a greater propensity to form stable chemical surfaces with higher catalytic activity. We also show that of the set, only Pb and α-PbO can support the formation of a weakly bound layer of amorphous carbon, a key experimental observable in the burning of DBPs.

Related Literature

Bifunctional polyacrylamide based polymers for the specific binding of hexahistidine tagged proteins on gold surfaces

Lucas B. Thompson, Nathan H. Mack, Ralph G. Nuzzo

2009-12-04 Paper

DOI: 10.1039/B920713A

A LEEM/μ-LEED investigation of phase transformations in TiOx/Pt(111) ultrathin films

Stefano Agnoli, T. Onur Menteş, Miguel A. Niño, Andrea Locatelli, Gaetano Granozzi

2009-03-11 Paper

DOI: 10.1039/B821339A

Tunable depolarized light scattering from gold and gold/silvernanorods

Boris Khlebtsov, Vitaly Khanadeev

2010-02-11 Paper

DOI: 10.1039/B925102B

Spectral shifts of matrix isolated species as criteria for acid–base interactions with solid Xe

Mark Rozenberg, Aharon Loewenschuss, Claus Jørgen Nielsen

2010-03-12 Paper

DOI: 10.1039/B922952C

Astroelectrochemistry: the role of redox reactions in cosmic dust chemistry

Daren J. Caruana, Katherine B. Holt

2010-02-09 Perspective

DOI: 10.1039/B917817A

Back cover

Front/Back Matter

DOI: 10.1039/B908091K

Back cover

Front/Back Matter

DOI: 10.1039/C004808A

Oriented growth of the functionalized metal–organic framework CAU-1 on –OH- and –COOH-terminated self-assembled monolayers

Florian Hinterholzinger, Camilla Scherb, Tim Ahnfeldt, Norbert Stock, Thomas Bein

2010-04-13 Paper

DOI: 10.1039/B924657F

You might also like

Compound Q&A

How should waste containing 2-Ethyl-4-Methyl-1H-Imidazole-5-Carbaldehyde (CAS: 88634-80-4) be handled?

Waste containing 2-Ethyl-4-Methyl-1H-Imidazole-5-Carbaldehyde (CAS: 88634-80-4) ...

88634-80-42-Ethyl-4-Methyl-1H-...
Compound Q&A

What industries use Triethoxy(octyl)silane (CAS: 1385031-14-0)?

Triethoxy(octyl)silane (CAS: 1385031-14-0) is widely used in the pharmaceuticals...

1385031-14-0Triethoxy(octyl)sila...
Compound Q&A

Are there alternatives to 3-iodo-7-nitro-1H-indazole (CAS: 864724-64-1) in synthesis?

Several alternatives to 3-iodo-7-nitro-1H-indazole (CAS: 864724-64-1) exist in t...

864724-64-13-iodo-7-nitro-1H-in...
Compound Q&A

Are there alternatives to Benzene, bis[(trimethoxysilyl)ethyl] (CAS: 266317-71-9) in synthesis?

Yes, there are alternatives to Benzene, bis[(trimethoxysilyl)ethyl] (CAS: 266317...

266317-71-9Benzene, bis[(trimet...
Compound Q&A

Is Isothiazole-3-carbonitrile (CAS: 1452-17-1) safe?

Isothiazole-3-carbonitrile (CAS: 1452-17-1) is generally considered safe when us...

1452-17-1Isothiazole-3-carbon...
Compound Q&A

Is (3-Chlorophenyl)methanol (CAS: 873-63-2) safe?

(3-Chlorophenyl)methanol (CAS: 873-63-2) is considered low to moderately toxic. ...

873-63-2(3-Chlorophenyl)meth...
Compound Q&A

How is (2S,3S)-2-Hydroxy-3-({[(2-methyl-2-propanyl)oxy]carbonyl}amino)-3-(2-naphthyl)propanoic acid (CAS: 959583-98-3) typically synthesized?

(2S,3S)-2-Hydroxy-3-({[(2-methyl-2-propanyl)oxy]carbonyl}amino)-3-(2-naphthyl)pr...

959583-98-3(2S,3S)-2-Hydroxy-3-...
Compound Q&A

What precautions should be taken when handling Methyl 2-(bromomethyl)-5-methoxybenzoate (CAS: 788081-99-2)?

Proper handling of methyl 2-(bromomethyl)-5-methoxybenzoate requires the use of ...

788081-99-2Methyl 2-(bromomethy...
Compound Q&A

What is 6,8-Dibromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (CAS: 904805-36-3)?

6,8-Dibromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (CAS: 904805-36-3) is an aro...

904805-36-36,8-Dibromoimidazo[1...
Compound Q&A

Is 3-Amino-5-bromo-2-pyridinecarbonitrile (CAS: 573675-27-1) safe?

3-Amino-5-bromo-2-pyridinecarbonitrile is considered safe when handled under pro...

573675-27-13-Amino-5-bromo-2-py...

Source Journal

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
CiteScore: 5.5
Self-citation Rate: 10.3%
Articles per Year: 3036

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (PCCP) is an international journal co-owned by 19 physical chemistry and physics societies from around the world. This journal publishes original, cutting-edge research in physical chemistry, chemical physics and biophysical chemistry. To be suitable for publication in PCCP, articles must include significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry; this is the most important criterion that reviewers and Editors will judge against when evaluating submissions. The journal has a broad scope and welcomes contributions spanning experiment, theory, computation and data science. Topical coverage includes spectroscopy, dynamics, kinetics, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, catalysis, surface science, quantum mechanics, quantum computing and machine learning. Interdisciplinary research areas such as polymers and soft matter, materials, nanoscience, energy, surfaces/interfaces, and biophysical chemistry are welcomed if they demonstrate significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry. Joined experimental/theoretical studies are particularly appreciated when complementary and based on up-to-date approaches.

Recommended Compounds

Recommended Suppliers

Disclaimer
This page provides academic journal information for reference and research purposes only. We are not affiliated with any journal publishers and do not handle publication submissions. For publication-related inquiries, please contact the respective journal publishers directly.
If you notice any inaccuracies in the information displayed, please contact us at support@chemtradehub.com. We will promptly review and address your concerns.