Carbon-based hydrogels: synthesis and their recent energy applications
Literature Information
Jayakumar Anjali, Vishal K. Jose, Jong-Min Lee
Hydrogels are a class of materials with large amounts of water in their three-dimensional hierarchical structures. The ability to fine-tune the structures of hydrogels and the prospects of building various microcosms within a large framework are a few of the many characteristics which make hydrogels quite superior in the list of materials developed so far for various applications. This review introduces the strategies of synthesising various types of carbon-based hydrogels and the various mechanisms and ideas which were instrumental in their formation. It also critically brings out the important concepts, latest developments and perspectives associated with the use of hydrogels for recent energy applications. Based on the most recent papers and the most impactful findings, we have described the synthesis of carbon-based hydrogels by broadly dividing them into three categories: graphene-based hydrogels, polymer-based hydrogels and biomass-derived hydrogels. Among these, hydrogels which are conductive in nature are predominantly used in the field of energy applications like supercapacitors, lithium batteries, metal–air batteries, fuel cells and water electrolysers. The flexibility in using sustainable materials and the ability to incorporate tailor-made, non-toxic, cheap, electrochemically active functional moieties during their synthesis make them the frontrunners in the field of green chemistry and energy applications.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A, B & C cover high quality studies across all fields of materials chemistry. The journals focus on those theoretical or experimental studies that report new understanding, applications, properties and synthesis of materials. The journals have a strong history of publishing quality reports of interest to interdisciplinary communities and providing an efficient and rigorous service through peer review and publication. The journals are led by an international team of Editors-in-Chief and Associate Editors who are all active researchers in their fields. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, B & C are separated by the intended application of the material studied. Broadly, applications in energy and sustainability are of interest to Journal of Materials Chemistry A, applications in biology and medicine are of interest to Journal of Materials Chemistry B, and applications in optical, magnetic and electronic devices are of interest to Journal of Materials Chemistry C. More than one Journal of Materials Chemistry journal may be suitable for certain fields and researchers are encouraged to submit their paper to the journal that they feel best fits for their particular article. Example topic areas within the scope of Journal of Materials Chemistry A are listed below. This list is neither exhaustive nor exclusive. Artificial photosynthesis Batteries Carbon dioxide conversion Catalysis Fuel cells Gas capture/separation/storage Green/sustainable materials Hydrogen generation Hydrogen storage Photocatalysis Photovoltaics Self-cleaning materials Self-healing materials Sensors Supercapacitors Thermoelectrics Water splitting Water treatment














