Liquid–liquid extraction in flow of the radioisotope titanium-45 for positron emission tomography applications

Literature Information

Publication Date 2018-10-12
DOI 10.1039/C8RE00175H
Impact Factor 4.239
Authors

Joseph Imbrogno, Jesper Fonslet, Marcella Lusardi, Fedor Zhuravlev


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Abstract

A continuous liquid–liquid extraction of natTi and its PET radioisotope 45Ti into an organic phase from 12 M HCl is described. The extraction is completely selective with respect to Sc, which is commonly used as a cyclotron target for 45Ti production. A membrane-based separator with integrated pressure control allowed for efficient, reproducible, and robust aqueous/organic phase separation in flow. Optimization studies established a guaiacol–anisole 9/1 (v/v) mixture and a flow rate ratio of 1/3 (aq. to org.), with a residence time of 13.7 s as the optimal extraction conditions. 90.3 ± 1.1% of natTi was consistently extracted from a 0.01 M solution of natTiCl4 and ScCl3, while 84.8 ± 2.4% of 45Ti was extracted from 0.03–0.13 M ScCl3 containing picomolar amounts of the 45Ti radionuclide, without extracting any Sc from either system. The organic phase can be directly used for 45Ti-radiolabelling as demonstrated by the efficient radiosynthesis of the 45Ti-radiolabeled antineoplastic [45Ti](salan)Ti(dipic). This development opens a pathway to achieve continuous and efficient 45Ti recovery and processing using an automated micro or millifluidics setup.

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Reaction Chemistry & Engineering

Reaction Chemistry & Engineering
CiteScore: 0
Self-citation Rate: 8.8%
Articles per Year: 284

Reaction Chemistry & Engineering is an interdisciplinary journal reporting cutting-edge research focused on enhancing the understanding and efficiency of reactions. Reaction engineering leverages the interface where fundamental molecular chemistry meets chemical engineering and technology. Challenges in chemistry can be overcome by the application of new technologies, while engineers may find improved solutions for process development from the latest developments in reaction chemistry. Reaction Chemistry & Engineering is a unique forum for researchers whose interests span the broad areas of chemical engineering and chemical sciences to come together in solving problems of importance to wider society. All papers should be written to be approachable by readers across the engineering and chemical sciences. Papers that consider multiple scales, from the laboratory up to and including plant scale, are particularly encouraged.

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