Atomic-scale observation of pressure-dependent reduction dynamics of W18O49 nanowires using environmental TEM
Literature Information
Zhengfei Zhang, Liping Sheng, Lu Chen, Ze Zhang, Yong Wang
The real-time observation of structural evolution of materials can provide critical information for understanding their reduction mechanisms under different environments. Herein, we report the atomic-scale observation of the reduction dynamics of W18O49 nanowires (NWs) using environmental transmission electron microscopy. Intriguingly, the reduction pathway is found to be affected by oxygen pressure. Under high oxygen pressure (∼0.095 Pa), a W18O49 NW epitaxially transforms into a WO2 NW via mass transport across the interface between (010)W18O49 and (101)WO2. While under low oxygen pressure (∼0.0004 Pa), the transformation follows the sequence of W18O49(NW) → WO2(NW) → β-W(nanoparticles), which is identified as a new reduction pathway. These findings reveal the pressure-dependent reduction and a new transformation pathway, and extend our current understanding of the reduction dynamics of metal oxides.
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