High yield aldose–ketose transformation for isolation and facile conversion of biomass sugar to furan

Literature Information

Publication Date 2013-06-21
DOI 10.1039/C3GC40795K
Impact Factor 10.182
Authors

Bin Li


View Original

Abstract

Traditional approaches to producing furfural from C5 biomass sugars have several limitations which include high reaction temperatures/pressures, significant sugar loss to side-reactions, modest furfural yields, and high purification costs. We present a novel method for converting the C5 sugar xylose to furfural at facile conditions in very high yield. In this approach, we isomerize xylose to its ketose isomer in high yield via a simultaneous-isomerization-and-reactive-extraction (SIRE) scheme, concentrate and purify xylulose by back-extraction (BE) into an acid medium, and then rapidly dehydrate the xylulose sugar to furfural at relatively low temperature (∼110 °C) with no additional catalyst. To our knowledge, production of furfural from concentrated xylulose (30 g l−1) has not been reported previously; this is likely due to the difficulty of producing relatively large quantities of high-purity xylulose in a cost-effective manner. Through simple strategies, such as addition of an aprotic solvent to the aqueous medium or in situ extraction of furfural during the dehydration, furfural yields of up to 90% were achieved. The mild process conditions associated with each of the steps in the process (SIRE, BE and dehydration), along with the ability to concentrate the incoming sugar stream and recycle process streams and catalysts, results in minimal chemical and energy inputs and have a significant favorable impact on the overall process economics.

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Contents list

Front/Back Matter

DOI: 10.1039/C7QO90022H

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Green Chemistry
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Green Chemistry provides a unique forum for the publication of innovative research on the development of alternative green and sustainable technologies. The scope of Green Chemistry is based on, but not limited to, the definition proposed by Anastas and Warner (Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, P T Anastas and J C Warner, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998). Green chemistry is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. Green Chemistry is at the frontiers of this continuously-evolving interdisciplinary science and publishes research that attempts to reduce the environmental impact of the chemical enterprise by developing a technology base that is inherently non-toxic to living things and the environment. Submissions on all aspects of research relating to the endeavour are welcome. The journal publishes original and significant cutting-edge research that is likely to be of wide general appeal. To be published, work must present a significant advance in green chemistry. Papers must contain a comparison with existing methods and demonstrate advantages over those methods before publication can be considered. For more information please see this Editorial. Coverage includes the following, but is not limited to: Design (e.g. biomimicry, design for degradation/recycling/reduced toxicity…) Reagents & Feedstocks (e.g. renewables, CO2, solvents, auxiliary agents, waste utilization…) Synthesis (e.g. organic, inorganic, synthetic biology…) Catalysis (e.g. homogeneous, heterogeneous, enzyme, whole cell…) Process (e.g. process design, intensification, separations, recycling, efficiency…) Energy (e.g. renewable energy, fuels, photovoltaics, fuel cells, energy storage, energy carriers…) Applications (e.g. electronics, dyes, consumer products, coatings, pharmaceuticals, preservatives, building materials, chemicals for industry/agriculture/mining…) Impact (e.g. safety, metrics, LCA, sustainability, (eco)toxicology…) Green chemistry is, by definition, a continuously-evolving frontier. Therefore, the inclusion of a particular material or technology does not, of itself, guarantee that a paper is suitable for the journal. To be suitable, the novel advance should have the potential for reduced environmental impact relative to the state of the art. Green Chemistry does not normally deal with research associated with 'end-of-pipe' or remediation issues.

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