Spectroscopic investigation of the species involved in the rhodium-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of toluene to toluic acid

Literature Information

Publication Date 2009-08-21
DOI 10.1039/B906883J
Impact Factor 3.676
Authors

Joseph Zakzeski, Sarah Burton, Andrew Behn, Martin Head-Gordon, Alexis T. Bell


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Abstract

A spectroscopic investigation of complexes used to catalyze the oxidative carbonylation of toluene to p-toluic acid was conducted. Rhodium complexes were analyzed by 103Rh and 13C NMR, UV-visible spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. In the presence of vanadium and oxygen, the resting state of the Rh-catalyst was found to exist as a Rh(III) complex with carbonyl and trifluoroacetate ligands, consistent with the structure Rh(CO)2(TFA)3. The 13C NMR spectrum of Rh(13CO)2(TFA)3 complex exhibited a carbonyl peak with an unusual degree of shielding, which resulted in the appearance of the carbonyl peak at an unprecedented upfield position in the 13C NMR spectrum. This shielding was caused by interaction of the carbonyl group with the trifluoroacetate ligand. In the absence of oxygen, the Rh(III) complex reduced to Rh(I), and the reduced form exhibited properties resembling the catalyst precursor. Structures and spectroscopic properties calculated using density functional theory agreed closely with the experimental results. The vanadium co-catalyst used to reoxidize Rh(I) to Rh(III) was similarly characterized by 51V NMR and UV-visible spectroscopy. The oxidized species corresponded to [(VO2)(TFA)]2, whereas the reduced species corresponded to (VO)(TFA)2. The spectroscopic results obtained in this study confirm the identity of the species that have been proposed to be involved in the Rh-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of toluene to toluic acid.

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Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
CiteScore: 5.5
Self-citation Rate: 10.3%
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Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (PCCP) is an international journal co-owned by 19 physical chemistry and physics societies from around the world. This journal publishes original, cutting-edge research in physical chemistry, chemical physics and biophysical chemistry. To be suitable for publication in PCCP, articles must include significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry; this is the most important criterion that reviewers and Editors will judge against when evaluating submissions. The journal has a broad scope and welcomes contributions spanning experiment, theory, computation and data science. Topical coverage includes spectroscopy, dynamics, kinetics, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, catalysis, surface science, quantum mechanics, quantum computing and machine learning. Interdisciplinary research areas such as polymers and soft matter, materials, nanoscience, energy, surfaces/interfaces, and biophysical chemistry are welcomed if they demonstrate significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry. Joined experimental/theoretical studies are particularly appreciated when complementary and based on up-to-date approaches.

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