How is (2S,4R)-4-(3-Chlorobenzyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid hydrochloride (CAS: 1049733-75-6) typically synthesized?

The compound (2S,4R)-4-(3-Chlorobenzyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid hydrochloride can be synthesized via a multi-step process starting from 3-chlorobenzyl alcohol and pyrrolidine. Common methods involve the formation of a protected pyrrolidine derivative, followed by coupling with the 3-chlorobenzyl alcohol derivative. The reaction typically requires the use of a suitable base and a suitable catalyst to achieve high selectivity and yield. The final step involves the addition of hydrochloric acid to form the hydrochloride salt.