How is N-{2-[4-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl}-N-(2-pyridinyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide (2Z)-2-butenedioate (1:1) (CAS: 634908-75-1) typically synthesized?

This compound is synthesized via a multi-step process involving the coupling of a piperazine derivative with a pyridine carboxamide, followed by the addition of a cyclohexanecarboxamide under mild conditions. The synthesis typically uses a palladium catalyst and requires careful control of temperature and reagent ratios to achieve high selectivity and yield.