How is 4-Amino-3,5-dichlorobenzonitrile (CAS: 78473-00-4) typically synthesized?

4-Amino-3,5-dichlorobenzonitrile is typically synthesized via the reaction of 3,5-dichlorobenzonitrile with ammonia in the presence of a catalyst such as a Lewis acid. The process involves the nucleophilic substitution of the nitrile group by ammonia, leading to the formation of the amino group. The reaction is carried out at elevated temperatures and under pressure to enhance selectivity and yield.