Fabrication of a self-powered broadband photodetector by 50% replacement of Pb by Mg in the CH3NH3Pb0.5Mg0.5Cl2I perovskite lattice
Literature Information
Smrutiranjan Panda, Easwaramoorthi Ramasamy, Sushmee Badhulika, Ganapathy Veerappan, Pramod H. Borse
Methyl ammonium lead halide (MAPbX3) suffers from high toxicity of the Pb2+ cation leading to a major roadblock to its end-application. To alleviate the toxicity issue, a complete or partial substitution of Pb2+ by eco-friendly Mg-ions is attempted in the present study. The substitution of Pb2+ with Mg2+ cations in the MAPbX3 crystal structure was carried out by tuning the stoichiometry of Mg2+ in MAPbxMg1−xCl2I (for x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9). Here MAPbxMg1−xCl2I has been demonstrated for the first time in the application of a self-powered photodetector. A facile one-step anti-solvent approach has been used to synthesize the hybrid halide perovskite. Systematic structural and optical characterization indicates the formation of the desired tetragonal perovskite phase that exhibits a bandgap of 1.5–1.6 eV. The synthesized MAPbxMg1−xCl2I has been used for device fabrication with (i) a simple hole transport material (HTM)-free configuration, and (ii) an economical carbon as the top electrode contact. MAPb0.5Mg0.5Cl2I perovskite was found to be the best performing device, with an excellent responsivity of 153.74 mA W−1 at zero bias, high detectivity of 6.5 × 1010 Jones, and a fast response/recovery time of 411 ms/50 ms. The optimum Mg substituted perovskite film thus yields an eco-friendly option compared to the conventional MAPbX3 with nearly 50% replacement of the toxic Pb by benign Mg2+ cations. The demonstration of a MAPb0.5Mg0.5X3-based novel performance photodetector thus paves an important path to the replacement of toxic Pb2+ in perovskite opto-electronic devices, thereby leading to eco-friendly devices.
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