Effects of process parameters on the defects in graphene oxide–polyaniline composites investigated by positron annihilation spectroscopy

Literature Information

Publication Date 2013-12-16
DOI 10.1039/C3CP54032D
Impact Factor 3.676
Authors

Utpal Rana, P. M. G. Nambissan, Sudip Malik, Kuntal Chakrabarti


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Abstract

Graphene oxide (GO)–polyaniline (PANI) composites were prepared with different relative abundance of PANI and GO by in situ polymerization of aniline in the presence of GO and ammonium persulphate at different temperatures. In the process, GO also got reduced to graphene. Positron lifetimes and coincidence Doppler broadening of the electron–positron annihilation gamma ray spectra originating from the composite samples were measured and the results are reported. The positron lifetimes indicated the presence of very large size defects in the form of vacancy clusters within the samples. Another interesting observation was the increase of relative intensity of the defect specific positron lifetime component when an increase in relative abundance of PANI led to increased reduction of GO to graphene. The reduction also shrank the volume occupied by GO and the free volume thereby released added to the overall defect concentration, resulting in a simultaneous increase of the intensity of the positron lifetime component. The variation of the positron lifetime and its intensity with the synthesis temperature suggested an optimum temperature suitable for the process. The above observations are corroborated by other experimental investigations like electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electrical conductivity.

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Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
CiteScore: 5.5
Self-citation Rate: 10.3%
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Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (PCCP) is an international journal co-owned by 19 physical chemistry and physics societies from around the world. This journal publishes original, cutting-edge research in physical chemistry, chemical physics and biophysical chemistry. To be suitable for publication in PCCP, articles must include significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry; this is the most important criterion that reviewers and Editors will judge against when evaluating submissions. The journal has a broad scope and welcomes contributions spanning experiment, theory, computation and data science. Topical coverage includes spectroscopy, dynamics, kinetics, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, catalysis, surface science, quantum mechanics, quantum computing and machine learning. Interdisciplinary research areas such as polymers and soft matter, materials, nanoscience, energy, surfaces/interfaces, and biophysical chemistry are welcomed if they demonstrate significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry. Joined experimental/theoretical studies are particularly appreciated when complementary and based on up-to-date approaches.

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