How is Sodium 4-toluenesulfinate hydrate (CAS: 7257-26-3) typically synthesized?

Sodium 4-toluenesulfinate hydrate (CAS: 7257-26-3) is typically synthesized by adding sodium hydroxide to a solution of toluene-2-sulfonyl chloride in water. The reaction proceeds under basic conditions to form the sodium salt. This method provides good yields and selectivity, making it a common route for industrial production. Common catalysts are not required, but care must be taken to avoid using strong acids as they can hydrolyze the compound.