How is 1-(Dimethylamino)cyclohexanecarbonitrile (CAS: 16499-30-2) typically synthesized?

1-(Dimethylamino)cyclohexanecarbonitrile is usually synthesized by the reaction of cyclohexanecarbonitrile with dimethylamine in the presence of a catalyst such as hydrochloric acid. The reaction is exothermic and typically proceeds with good yield. The catalyst helps to improve the reaction selectivity and shorten the reaction time. The crude product can be purified by recrystallization from a suitable solvent.