How is (R)-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid hydrochloride (CAS: 647854-72-6) typically synthesized?

(R)-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid hydrochloride is typically synthesized through the stereoselective synthesis of azetidine-2-carboxylic acid followed by hydrochloride formation. Common methods include the use of chiral amines as catalysts and asymmetric synthesis techniques to achieve high enantiomeric excess. The yield is generally around 70-80%, depending on the method.