How is 3-Amino-4-cyclobutyl-2-oxobutanamide hydrochloride (CAS: 817169-86-1) typically synthesized?

3-Amino-4-cyclobutyl-2-oxobutanamide hydrochloride can be synthesized via multi-step processes. A typical method involves the reaction of 4-cyclobutyl-2-oxobutanoyl chloride with an amino-containing compound such as aniline, followed by acidification with hydrochloric acid to form the hydrochloride salt. The reaction requires careful control of pH and temperature to achieve high yield and selectivity.