How is 3H-Spiro[2-benzofuran-1,4'-piperidine] (CAS: 38309-60-3) typically synthesized?

3H-Spiro[2-benzofuran-1,4'-piperidine] can be synthesized via a multistep reaction involving condensation and cyclization. A common approach involves the condensation of 2-benzofuranone with piperidine in the presence of a suitable catalyst, followed by deprotection and ring-closure to form the spiropirolactam. The yield is generally between 40-60%, and the reaction is typically carried out under mild conditions in anhydrous organic solvents.