How is ethyl 4-amino-2-chloro-pyrimidine-5-carboxylate (CAS: 71406-78-5) typically synthesized?

Ethyl 4-amino-2-chloro-pyrimidine-5-carboxylate (CAS: 71406-78-5) is synthesized via the reaction of 2-chloropyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid with ethylamine in the presence of a catalytic amount of an acid or base. The reaction yields a high purity product with a yield of over 90%. The process involves the nucleophilic substitution of the carboxylic acid group by the amino group from ethylamine.