3-Chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid(CAS: 3964-58-7)

3-Chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid is a white crystalline solid with a molecular weight of 178.57 g/mol. It is slightly soluble in water and has a pKa of 3.2. The compound is reactive towards bases and can undergo esterification and condensation reactions. It is less reactive towards acids and is stable under normal storage conditions.

3-Chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid is typically synthesized by chlorinating salicylic acid followed by the introduction of a hydroxyl group. Common methods involve the reaction of salicylic acid with thionyl chloride to form 3-chlorosalicylic acid, followed by reduction of the chlorine to a hydroxyl group using sodium borohydride or a similar reducing agent.

3-Chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid is used in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, where it serves as an intermediate for the synthesis of certain drugs. It is also used in the production of dyes, pigments, and as a component in some analytical reagents and chemical sensors.

When handling 3-Chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, proper personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and a lab coat should be worn. The compound should be stored in a cool, dry place away from ignition sources. Spills should be cleaned up with appropriate methods, and the material safety data sheet (MSDS) should be consulted for specific guidelines. Fume hoods should be used during handling to minimize exposure to fumes.