![1-Benzyl-1,7-diazaspiro[4.4]nonane dihydrochloride structure](https://static.chemtradehub.com/structs/115/1159822-71-5-0320.webp "1-Benzyl-1,7-diazaspiro[4.4]nonane dihydrochloride structure")
1-Benzyl-1,7-diazaspiro[4.4]nonane dihydrochloride
CAS Number:
1159822-71-5
Molecular Formula:
C14H22Cl2N2
Poly(vinyl acetate-co-crotonic acid) from bio-based crotonic acid: synthesis, characterization and carbon footprint evaluation
Literature Information
Publication Date
2023-06-09
DOI
10.1039/D3SU00052D
Impact Factor
0
Authors
Alexandra Jorea, Adriano Parodi, Tiziana Benelli, Luca Ciacci, Maurizio Fagnoni, Paola Galletti, Laura Mazzocchetti, Davide Ravelli, Cristian Torri, Ivano Vassura, Chiara Samorì
View Original
Abstract
The sludge from wastewater treatment systems (WWTS) contains a high quantity of organic material with great potential for synthesising bio-based chemicals and materials that can replace their fossil-based equivalents. Herein, we have investigated the upcycling of WWTS to the production of bio-based crotonic acid (CA), which is in turn used in replacement of the commercial, fossil-based CA in the copolymerization with vinyl acetate to poly(vinyl acetate-co-crotonic acid). The results demonstrate that a great benefit in terms of GHG emission reduction is obtained when the fossil-based synthesis is replaced with the WWTS-to-CA route, decreasing the carbon footprint of CA from 13.9 to 7.75 kg CO2 per kg CA. The copolymers constituted from fossil-based or bio-based CA have the same composition and thermal properties, independently of the origin and the purity of the starting CA monomer, suggesting their equivalency for the investigated application.
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