Preparation of a macroscopic, robust carbon-fiber monolith from filamentous fungi and its application in Li–S batteries

Literature Information

Publication Date 2014-06-13
DOI 10.1039/C4GC00761A
Impact Factor 10.182
Authors

Liyuan Zhang, Yangyang Wang, Wanting Yu, Baiwan Deng, Kai Zhang, Jiexi Wang


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Abstract

A new sustainable microorganism-based route is reported for the synthesis of carbon-fiber monolith through using filamentous fungi as feedstock. The fungi are cultured in solution within three days with biomass as nutrient, and fungi concentration reaches as high as 11 mg mL−1 on an average. Based on the rational control of fungi filtration and drying, fungi membrane or aerogel was obtained. Through pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere, intact carbon-fiber monolith (membrane or aerogel) was formed and its conductivity was more than 1 S cm−1. The carbon-fiber aerogel and membrane synthesized at 800 °C was doped by N (∼2.4 at%) and O (∼1.3 at%) and displayed a BET surface area of ∼305 and ∼20 m2 g−1, respectively. Mesopores and macropores were detected in the carbon materials. The carbon-fiber monolith showed promising capability to improve the cyclability and capacity of lithium–sulphur (Li–S) batteries, and are expected to be used as versatile electrode in energy storage.

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Green Chemistry provides a unique forum for the publication of innovative research on the development of alternative green and sustainable technologies. The scope of Green Chemistry is based on, but not limited to, the definition proposed by Anastas and Warner (Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, P T Anastas and J C Warner, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998). Green chemistry is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. Green Chemistry is at the frontiers of this continuously-evolving interdisciplinary science and publishes research that attempts to reduce the environmental impact of the chemical enterprise by developing a technology base that is inherently non-toxic to living things and the environment. Submissions on all aspects of research relating to the endeavour are welcome. The journal publishes original and significant cutting-edge research that is likely to be of wide general appeal. To be published, work must present a significant advance in green chemistry. Papers must contain a comparison with existing methods and demonstrate advantages over those methods before publication can be considered. For more information please see this Editorial. Coverage includes the following, but is not limited to: Design (e.g. biomimicry, design for degradation/recycling/reduced toxicity…) Reagents & Feedstocks (e.g. renewables, CO2, solvents, auxiliary agents, waste utilization…) Synthesis (e.g. organic, inorganic, synthetic biology…) Catalysis (e.g. homogeneous, heterogeneous, enzyme, whole cell…) Process (e.g. process design, intensification, separations, recycling, efficiency…) Energy (e.g. renewable energy, fuels, photovoltaics, fuel cells, energy storage, energy carriers…) Applications (e.g. electronics, dyes, consumer products, coatings, pharmaceuticals, preservatives, building materials, chemicals for industry/agriculture/mining…) Impact (e.g. safety, metrics, LCA, sustainability, (eco)toxicology…) Green chemistry is, by definition, a continuously-evolving frontier. Therefore, the inclusion of a particular material or technology does not, of itself, guarantee that a paper is suitable for the journal. To be suitable, the novel advance should have the potential for reduced environmental impact relative to the state of the art. Green Chemistry does not normally deal with research associated with 'end-of-pipe' or remediation issues.

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