Probing the 4f states of ceria by tunneling spectroscopy

Literature Information

Publication Date 2011-06-14
DOI 10.1039/C1CP21113G
Impact Factor 3.676
Authors

Xiang Shao, Jan-Frederik Jerratsch, Niklas Nilius, Hans-Joachim Freund


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Abstract

Low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy have been employed to analyze the local electronic structure of the (111) surface of a ceria thin film grown on Ru(0001). On pristine, defect-free oxide terraces, the empty 4f states of Ce4+ ions appear as the only spectral feature inside the 6 eV oxide band gap. In contrast, occupied states are detected between −1.0 and −1.5 eV below EFermi in conductance spectra of different point and line defects, such as surface oxygen vacancies, grain boundaries and step edges. They are assigned to partially filled 4f states localized at the Ce3+ ions. The presence of excess electrons indicates the oxygen-deficient nature of the direct oxide environment. The f state spectroscopy with the STM allows us to probe the spatial distribution of Ce3+ ions in the ceria surface, providing unique insight into the local reduction state of this chemically important material system.

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Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
CiteScore: 5.5
Self-citation Rate: 10.3%
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Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (PCCP) is an international journal co-owned by 19 physical chemistry and physics societies from around the world. This journal publishes original, cutting-edge research in physical chemistry, chemical physics and biophysical chemistry. To be suitable for publication in PCCP, articles must include significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry; this is the most important criterion that reviewers and Editors will judge against when evaluating submissions. The journal has a broad scope and welcomes contributions spanning experiment, theory, computation and data science. Topical coverage includes spectroscopy, dynamics, kinetics, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, catalysis, surface science, quantum mechanics, quantum computing and machine learning. Interdisciplinary research areas such as polymers and soft matter, materials, nanoscience, energy, surfaces/interfaces, and biophysical chemistry are welcomed if they demonstrate significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry. Joined experimental/theoretical studies are particularly appreciated when complementary and based on up-to-date approaches.

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