Double layer in room temperature ionic liquids: influence of temperature and ionic size on the differential capacitance and electrocapillary curves

Differential capacity–potential curves, C(E), were obtained from electrochemical impedance spectra (12 kHz–2 Hz) for the interfaces between Hg and a series of alkyl imidazolium-based room temperature ionic liquids having the same anion, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide [EMIM][Tf2N], 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide [BMIM][Tf2N], 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide [HMIM][Tf2N]. The electrocapillary curves were obtained from drop time measurements and the values of the pzc were calculated. The pzc apparently becomes more negative as the imidazolium alkyl chain length increases. A small effect of the cation is seen on the C(E) curves at negative potentials. The effect of the aromatic nature of the cation is assessed by comparing 1-butyl-1-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, with 1-butyl-3-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide [BMPyr][Tf2N]. The effects of temperature on the capacitance, drop time electrocapillary curve and on the pzc were also obtained. The capacity was found to increase with increasing temperature in the whole range of accessible potentials.