How is Dihydroberberine (CAS: 483-15-8) typically synthesized?

Dihydroberberine (CAS: 483-15-8) can be synthesized through a series of reactions starting from berberine or its derivatives. Commonly, a demethylation step is followed by reduction of the resulting quinone moiety. Various catalysts such as palladium on carbon and hydrogen gas can be used for the reduction step. The overall process involves rigorous control of reaction conditions to achieve high selectivity and yield.