Polymorphism of chlorpropamide on liquid-assisted mechanical treatment: choice of liquid and type of mechanical treatment matter

Literature Information

Publication Date 2018-02-12
DOI 10.1039/C7CE02221B
Impact Factor 3.545
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Abstract

Different types of mechanical treatment (tableting, grinding, milling, etc.) are important technological operations in the pharmaceutical industry. Solid materials are not merely comminuted during such treatment, but can undergo polymorphic transitions and amorphisation. A liquid is often added to the solid sample on purpose, e.g. in order to facilitate comminution. In many cases, liquid is present inadvertently, either as a result of trace solvent following up-stream operations, or sorbed from the atmosphere. This work explores the liquid-assisted mechanical treatment of two metastable forms of a model pharmaceutical compound chlorpropamide (CPA), namely the β- and ε-forms. We investigate the stability of these polymorphs to mechanical treatment in the presence of a series of fluids that have affinity for different fragments of the CPA molecule. In addition to variation in fluids, the effect of different mechanical treatment is explored, employing model shear and restricted impact devices, alongside grinding in a mortar. CPA offers a clear example of the drastically different results of shear and impact on mechanochemical polymorphism, on the importance of the careful selection of solvent for liquid-assisted treatment, and on the possible role of even trace quantities of solvent. Further, this work demonstrates the importance of the starting polymorph in determining the outcome of a mechanochemical process. All of these factors can have notable consequence on the outcome of technological operations that include mechanical treatment.

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Source Journal

CrystEngComm

CrystEngComm
CiteScore: 5.5
Self-citation Rate: 7.7%
Articles per Year: 643

CrystEngComm is the forum for the design and understanding of crystalline materials. We welcome studies on the investigation of molecular behaviour within crystals, control of nucleation and crystal growth, engineering of crystal structures, and construction of crystalline materials with tuneable properties and functions. We publish hypothesis-driven research into… how crystal design affects thermodynamics, phase transitional behaviours, polymorphism, morphology control, solid state reactivity (crystal-crystal solution-crystal, and gas-crystal reactions), optoelectronics, ferroelectric materials, non-linear optics, molecular and bulk magnetism, conductivity and quantum computing, catalysis, absorption and desorption, and mechanical properties. Using Techniques and methods including… Single crystal and powder X-ray, electron, and neutron diffraction, solid-state spectroscopy, spectrometry, and microscopy, modelling and data mining, and empirical, semi-empirical and ab-initio theoretical evaluations. On crystalline and solid-state materials. We particularly welcome work on MOFs, coordination polymers, nanocrystals, host-guest and multi-component molecular materials. We also accept work on peptides and liquid crystals. All papers should involve the use or development of a design or optimisation strategy. Routine structural reports or crystal morphology descriptions, even when combined with an analysis of properties or potential applications, are generally considered to be outside the scope of the journal and are unlikely to be accepted.

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